Colorectal Cancer Self-Examination: Understand the 7 Major Symptoms and Dietary Guidelines at Once

Colorectal Cancer Self-Examination: Understand 7 Major Symptoms and Dietary Guidelines at Once

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in Taiwan, claiming many lives each year. However, through proper dietary habits and lifestyle choices, we can significantly reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer. This article will detail the 7 major warning signs of colorectal cancer and dietary recommendations for its prevention, hoping to help everyone detect potential risks early and develop healthy living habits.

Definition and Current Situation of Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer refers to malignant tumors occurring in the colon or rectum. According to statistics from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, colorectal cancer has ranked first among the top ten causes of cancer deaths in Taiwan for several consecutive years. Approximately 18 people die from colorectal cancer every day, which is concerning.

The main causes of colorectal cancer include:

  • Poor dietary habits (high fat, low fiber)
  • Lack of exercise
  • Smoking and drinking
  • Family medical history
  • Inflammatory bowel diseases, etc.

Although some risk factors cannot be changed, we can still reduce the risk of cancer by adjusting our lifestyle. Early detection of symptoms and regular screenings are also key. Next, let’s learn about the 7 major warning signs of colorectal cancer.

7 Major Warning Signs of Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer usually does not have obvious symptoms in the early stages, but as the disease progresses, the following 7 warning signs may appear:

1. Changes in Bowel Habits

If you notice significant changes in bowel habits for more than two weeks, such as:

  • Sudden increase or decrease in bowel frequency
  • Stools becoming thin and elongated (like a pencil)
  • Stools being unformed or watery
  • Feeling of incomplete bowel evacuation

These may be early signs of colorectal cancer, and it is advisable to seek medical examination promptly.

2. Blood or Mucus in Stools

Healthy stools should not contain blood or excessive mucus. If you notice the following conditions:

  • Stools appearing dark red or black
  • Stools covered with a large amount of mucus
  • Seeing blood streaks in the toilet

This may be a sign of tumor bleeding, requiring immediate medical examination.

3. Abdominal Pain or Cramping

Colorectal cancer may cause intermittent abdominal pain or cramping, characterized by:

  • Pain lasting longer (more than a few days)
  • Pain not relieved after passing gas or having a bowel movement
  • Pain localized and recurring

If you experience the above symptoms, do not take them lightly; seek medical examination as soon as possible.

4. Unexplained Weight Loss

If you are not intentionally dieting but are still losing weight, it may be due to cancer cells consuming the body's nutrients. Be alert if you lose more than 5% of your weight in a short period without any clear reason.

5. Persistent Bloating, Constipation, or Diarrhea

Colorectal cancer may cause the following gastrointestinal symptoms:

  • Persistent feeling of bloating
  • Chronic constipation (fewer than 3 bowel movements per week)
  • Chronic diarrhea (lasting more than 3 weeks)

If these symptoms persist, it is advisable to seek medical examination to determine the cause.

6. Feeling of Urgency After Bowel Movements

Due to tumor obstruction, it may lead to:

  • Feeling of residual stool after bowel movements
  • Frequent trips to the bathroom with little stool each time
  • Needing to strain particularly hard during bowel movements

These are possible signs of colorectal cancer and should not be ignored.

7. Unexplained Anemia

Colorectal cancer may cause chronic bleeding, leading to anemia. If you experience the following symptoms:

  • Easily fatigued, feeling dizzy
  • Pale complexion
  • Rapid heartbeat

And there is no other obvious cause, consider whether it may be due to colorectal cancer.

If the above 7 symptoms persist for more than 2 weeks, you should seek medical examination promptly to rule out the possibility of colorectal cancer. Early detection and early treatment can increase the chances of recovery.

Dietary Recommendations for Preventing Colorectal Cancer - 10 Foods to Eat More

In addition to being aware of the above symptoms, adjusting dietary habits is also an important method for preventing colorectal cancer. Here are 10 foods that help prevent colorectal cancer, which are recommended to be consumed more:

1. Cruciferous Vegetables

Cruciferous vegetables are rich in antioxidants and fiber, which can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Common cruciferous vegetables include:

  • Broccoli
  • Cabbage
  • Cauliflower
  • Kale
  • Radish
  • Mustard greens, etc.

It is recommended to consume cruciferous vegetables at least 2-3 times a week.

2. Apples

Apples are rich in dietary fiber and antioxidants, especially quercetin found in apple skins, which has anti-cancer effects. Eating 1-2 apples a day can help prevent colorectal cancer.

3. Cherries

Cherries are rich in anthocyanins and vitamin C, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Studies show that regularly consuming cherries can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.

4. Cranberries

Cranberries are rich in polyphenolic compounds that can inhibit cancer cell growth. It is recommended to consume cranberries or drink cranberry juice 3-4 times a week.

5. Grapes

Grape skins contain a large amount of resveratrol, which has anti-cancer properties. It is recommended to eat them with the skin for the best effect.

6. Carrots

Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A and has antioxidant properties. Eating 1-2 carrots a day can help prevent colorectal cancer.

7. Tomatoes

Lycopene in tomatoes is a powerful antioxidant that can prevent DNA damage. It is recommended to eat 1-2 tomatoes a day or drink tomato juice.

8. Nuts

Nuts are rich in unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Recommended nuts include:

  • Walnuts
  • Almonds
  • Cashews
  • Pistachios, etc.

Eating a small handful of nuts (about 30 grams) daily is sufficient.

9. Blueberries

Blueberries are rich in anthocyanins and vitamin C, which have strong antioxidant capabilities. Eating 1 cup of blueberries daily can effectively prevent colorectal cancer.

10. Flaxseeds

Flaxseeds are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids and lignans, which have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. It is recommended to consume 1-2 tablespoons of ground flaxseeds daily.

The above 10 foods are rich in antioxidants, fiber, and beneficial nutrients, and long-term consumption can significantly reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. It is recommended to incorporate these foods into your daily diet to enhance gut health.

7 Foods to Eat Less to Prevent Colorectal Cancer

In addition to increasing the intake of beneficial foods, it is equally important to reduce the intake of certain harmful foods. The following 7 foods are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and should be consumed sparingly:

1. Processed Meats

Processed meats such as sausages, ham, and bacon produce carcinogenic substances during processing. The World Health Organization has classified processed meats as a Group 1 carcinogen. It is recommended to limit intake to no more than 500 grams per week.

2. Red Meat

Excessive consumption of red meat (such as beef, pork, and lamb) increases the risk of colorectal cancer. It is recommended to limit red meat intake to no more than 3 times a week, with each serving not exceeding 100 grams.

3. High-Temperature Cooked Foods

High-temperature grilling or frying can produce carcinogenic substances. It is advisable to eat less barbecue and fried foods, opting for steaming, boiling, or stewing instead.

4. Refined Sugars

A high-sugar diet can lead to insulin resistance, increasing the risk of colorectal cancer. It is recommended to limit added sugar intake to no more than 25 grams (about 6 teaspoons) per day.

5. Alcohol

Excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk of colorectal cancer. It is recommended that men limit their daily alcohol intake to no more than 2 units, and women to no more than 1 unit (1 unit is approximately equal to 330ml of beer or 150ml of red wine).

6. Pickled Foods

Pickled foods contain high levels of salt and nitrites, and long-term consumption can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. It is advisable to eat less pickled vegetables and salted fish.

7. Foods Containing Trans Fats

Trans fats can cause chronic inflammation, increasing the risk of colorectal cancer. It is recommended to avoid processed foods containing hydrogenated vegetable oils, such as cookies and cakes.

By reducing the intake of these harmful foods while increasing the beneficial foods mentioned earlier, you can effectively lower the risk of colorectal cancer. Remember, changes in dietary habits need to be gradual, and persistence is key to seeing results.

Other Important Recommendations for Preventing Colorectal Cancer

In addition to adjusting your diet, the following points are also important methods for preventing colorectal cancer:

  1. Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity is one of the risk factors for colorectal cancer, and you should maintain an ideal weight through healthy eating and exercise.

  2. Regular exercise: Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise each week, such as brisk walking or swimming.

  3. Quit smoking: Smoking increases the risk of colorectal cancer, so it is advisable to quit as soon as possible.

  4. Regular screenings: Individuals over 50 should undergo colorectal cancer screenings every 1-2 years. Those with a family history may need to start screenings earlier.

  5. Supplement with vitamin D: Adequate levels of vitamin D may help prevent colorectal cancer. You can get moderate sun exposure or take vitamin D supplements under a doctor's guidance.

  6. Reduce stress: Long-term stress may increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Learn to relax and maintain a good mental state.

  7. Maintain gut health: Eating probiotic foods, such as yogurt and pickles, helps maintain a balanced gut microbiome.

By comprehensively adopting the above measures, we can significantly reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Remember, prevention is better than cure, and it is never too late to invest in your health.

Conclusion

Colorectal cancer is a frightening but preventable disease. By understanding the early warning signs of colorectal cancer, adjusting dietary habits, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, we can greatly reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer. I hope the "7 Major Warning Signs" and the recommendations of "7 Foods to Eat Less and 10 Foods to Eat More" provided in this article can help everyone better protect their gut health.

Remember, a healthy lifestyle requires long-term commitment. Even if you start making changes now, it is never too late. Let us all pay attention to gut health, stay away from the threat of colorectal cancer, and embrace a healthier, better life!

The content of this article is based on publicly available information at the time of writing. If there are any inaccuracies, readers are welcome to point them out, and we will correct them promptly.

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